Preheat the oven to 425 degrees. Place the cauliflower florets, the shallots and poblano pepper on a parchment-lined baking sheet. Drizzle with oil and toss to coat. Roast for 20 minutes, turning halfway through. Reduce oven temperature to 375 degrees.
Put the pepper in a small bowl and cover until cool enough to handle. Place the cauliflower in a large bowl. Chop the shallots and add to the cauliflower. Peel the pepper, remove the seeds, and chop. Add to the cauliflower along with the jar of queso. Transfer to a greased 8- or 9-inch baking dish.
Put the almonds and breadcrumbs in a small bowl. Add 1 tablespoon olive oil and toss to coat. Sprinkle over the cauliflower. Bake for 20-25 minutes or until bubbly and golden brown.